12.4 Ferroalloy Production - US EPA
12.4 Ferroalloy Production 12.4.1 General Ferroalloy is an alloy of iron with some element other than carbon. Ferroalloy is used to physically introduce or "carry" that element into molten metal, usually during steel manufacture. In practice, the term ferroalloy is used to include any alloys that introduce reactive elements or alloy
Read MoreSOME ASPECTS OF THE PRODUCTION OF FERROCHROME …
Since the inception of this process, the DC arc furnace test facilities at Mintek have been employed to test varying composition, grade and mineralogy of chromite ores using different slag and metal chemistries, resulting in the production …
Read MoreSilico Manganese Production. Ferroalloys Industry
silicon, and 5% to 2.5% carbon. It is produced by smelting of slag from high-carbon Ferro Manganese or of Manganese ore with coke and a quartz flux in a submerged electric arc furnace. The process requires power consumption of about 3,800 to 4,800 kilowatt-hours per tonne. ... Ferroalloy production in the organized sector started in the mid ...
Read MoreFerroalloys - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
Lauri Holappa, in Handbook of Ferroalloys, 2013. Abstract. The word ferroalloy refers to an alloy of iron containing a significant proportion of one or more other elements like silicon, manganese, chromium, aluminum, or titanium. The main applications of ferroalloys occur in the steelmaking process. They are added to steel to improve properties like strength, ductility, and fatigue or ...
Read MoreSlag Atomising Technology: Unlocking Real Value
Slag and slag handling currently represents a significant safety, environmental, operational, and financial con-cern for ferroalloy production. With the majority of smelters producing slag/alloy mass ratio of 1.0-1.5, slag handling and processing post tap hole represent a significant part of any operation. Historically, slag treatments have ...
Read Morealuminum slag crushing in south africa
Atoll Process outline,recover ferroalloy metal from slag ... Mining, crushing, screening, slimes handling and water reticulation form part of the process. This recovery is achieved by: • Mining the slag material directly from the dump.
Read MoreSlags and Dusts of Ferroalloy Production - NASA/ADS
Information on the wastes of ferroalloy production in the Russian Federation, their quantity, and composition is provided. For the melting volume of all types of ferroalloys of about 1.7 mlt t, ~1.1 mln t slag and ~125.5 ths t dust and slime are shown to form at Russian plants. 44% of manganese, 30% of chromium and 18% of silicon alloys of their total amount are produced in …
Read MoreSlag - Wikipedia
Slag is a by-product of smelting (pyrometallurgical) ores and used metals. Broadly, it can be classified as ferrous (by-products of processing iron and steel), ferroalloy (by-product of ferroalloy production) or non-ferrous/base metals (by-products of recovering non-ferrous materials like copper, nickel, zinc and phosphorus). Within these general categories, slags can …
Read MoreRussian researchers develop wasteless joint processing of ...
Slag—a waste byproduct of steel production—from electric arc furnaces (EAF) and ladle (LF) slag is not completely utilized, the researchers said. Although residues of these slags are stored in dumps, these residues can be converted into valuable industrial products by interaction between the slag components.
Read MoreProduction of Ferroalloys - ScienceDirect
In countries having only ores with high phosphorus contents, the first stage of the process is the production of a slag high in MnO and a low manganese alloy. Since the energy input in the production of ferromanganese by the high-slag process is lower than that of the discard slag process, it is used by most producers. 1.10.4.6.5.
Read MoreSlag Properties in the Primary Production Process of Mn ...
12%The thermodynamic and kinetic properties of the carbothermic reduction of MnO in the five-component slag, MnO-SiO 2-CaO-MgO-Al 2 O 3, is critical in the production process of Mn-ferroalloys.While the reduction rate is mainly dependent on the presence of a solid MnO phase in the slag for Mn-Fe-alloys, the rate for the Mn-Si-Fe alloys …
Read MorePRODUCTION, CHARACTERISTICS AND USE OF …
ulation process is shown in Figure 5. The ferroalloy separation from the lumpy slag happens in a special process, which is based on a gravity and magnetic separation. The first stage of slag processing is crushing and sc reening the feed material to fractions
Read MoreDevelopment of a Smelting Reduction Process for Low-Grade ...
The slag basicity was maintained at 0.3 and the optimum slag SiO2 was ~30%. The studies indicated that the upgrading of low-grade ferruginous manganese ores is a promising solution for achieving high-Mn/Fe-ratio synthetic ores for ferroalloy production.
Read MoreGeochemistry and mineralogy of metallurgical slag
Slag is a waste product from the pyrometallurgical processing of natural ores or the recycling of man-made materials. This chapter provides an overview of the geochemical and mineralogical characteristics of different types of slag. A review of the analytical methods used to determine these characteristics is also provided. Ferrous slags include blast furnace, steelmaking, and …
Read MoreProcessing slag from ferroalloy production | SpringerLink
12%Processing slag from ferroalloy production Download PDF. Download PDF. Published: 25 April 2009; Processing slag from ferroalloy production. L. A. Smirnov 1, A. A. Grabeklis 1 & B. L. Demin 1 ...
Read MorePromising Directions for the Stabilization of Ferroalloy ...
In this paper the analysis of the processes for spontaneous decay of slags from the production of refined ferroalloy grades is performed. It is shown that the main reason for the decay is the formation of a dicalcium silicate in highly basic melts with CaO / SiO2 ratio of 1.5-3.1. Based on the performed studies, three main promising directions for the stabilization of slags of …
Read MoreSlag-metal interactions in the FeMn tapping process ...
In the ferroalloy production industry, the combined method is typically used, where both slag and metal are tapped periodically every 2-3 hours. The taphole can be changed in order to prevent operational difficulties and to stabilize the molten bath level[7]. As a consequence, slag and metal must be separated after tapping to obtain
Read MoreRapid Sensors for Ferroalloy Production and Processing
to the residual Cr2O3-rich slag to commence the next production cycle. A critical process control parameter is the knowledge of the (% Cr 2 O 3 …
Read MoreSlag Properties in the Primary Production Process of Mn ...
PRODUCTION PROCESS MN-FERROALLOYS are alloys containing mostly Mn, Fe, Si and C. Manganese is the main element and typically accounts for between 60 and 80 wt pct of the ... the slag in the Mn-ferroalloy will mainly be MnO, SiO 2, …
Read MoreWO2017100808A1 - Manganese waste slag treatment - Google ...
A method of processing a ferroalloy waste slag in a reactor which includes the steps of treating the slag with a metallic reductant and a conditioning flux to release a metal oxide and reduce it to metallic form, to use as a commercially acceptable silicon-containing alloy and to form a waste slag which is detoxified by means of granulation and separating the detoxified slag from …
Read MoreUS8545593B2 - Direct processing of metallic ore ...
A method for producing liquid ferroalloy by direct processing of manganese and chromium bearing iron compounds, by the steps: of mixing carbonaceous reductant, fluxing agent, and a binder with materials such as iron sands, metallic oxides, manganese-iron ore concentrates and/or chromium-iron ore concentrates and silica sands, to form a mixture; forming …
Read MoreLeveraging Value and Environmental Gains Through ...
The furnace metallurgy, M&E balance, furnace parameters and slag cleaning process essentials will be discussed. Options for additional value streams beyond the production of the ferroalloy will be explored, with the key environmental upside as the foundation of the process intent.
Read MoreTheory of Ferroalloys Processing - ScienceDirect
General Theory of the Processes of Ferroalloys Production. 3.1.1. Introduction to Ferroalloys and their Processing. Ferroalloys, by definition, are alloys of two or more metals, of which one is iron. The U.S. Bureau of Mines defines ferroalloy as an alloy of iron with at least one other element except carbon.
Read MoreGeochemistry and mineralogy of metallurgical slag | U.S ...
Slag is a waste product from the pyrometallurgical processing of natural ores or the recycling of man-made materials. This chapter provides an overview of the geochemical and mineralogical characteristics of different types of slag. A review of the analytical methods used to determine these characteristics is also provided. Ferrous slags include blast furnace, …
Read MoreFERRONICKEL PRODUCTION AND OPERATION
FERRONICKEL PRODUCTION AND OPERATION Table 3: Process steps of converter route Process step Aim 1 Tapping from electric furnace into the transport ladle 2 Oxygen blowing in the converter Enrichment of nickel Removal of carbon, silicon, phosphorus 3 De slagging Removal ofFe203, Si02 and P20s rich slag 4 Electric arc or ladle furnace treatment Deoxidation and …
Read MoreA method of processing a mixture of solid slag ...
(57) Abstract: Use: for processing slag dump of Ferroalloy production in the metallurgical and other industries. The inventive method for processing a mixture of solid slag metallurgical production includes crushing, sieving slag into small, medium and coarse, magnetic separation of the fine fraction, magnetic separation medium fractions, subsequent pneumatic separation …
Read MoreAlmost a million tons of chrome slag processed by Aksu ...
The leading role in this direction at the Aksu ferroalloy plant is given to slag processing - the main waste of ferroalloy production. In anticipation of the entering into force of the new Environmental Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2021, which provides for higher requirements for waste management, this issue is becoming increasingly ...
Read MoreFerroalloys DC Smelting Plant - Outotec
Slag cleaning (Co, Cu, Ni, V) Blast furnace slag (Pb and Zn fuming and condensing) Platinum group metal smelting (including Pt and Pd) Dolomites and magnesites (Mg) Outotec DC smelting can be combined, for example, with the Outotec ferrochrome process to enable efficient treatment of all side streams.
Read MoreUS20030150295A1 - Ferroalloy production - Google Patents
US20030150295A1 US10/258,196 US25819602A US2003150295A1 US 20030150295 A1 US20030150295 A1 US 20030150295A1 US 25819602 A US25819602 A US 25819602A US 2003150295 A1 US2003150295 A1 US 2003150295A1 Authority US United States Prior art keywords carbide reductant silicon mass slag Prior art date Legal status (The …
Read MoreMinerals | Special Issue : Ferroalloy Minerals Processing ...
The ferroalloy production process involves a total value chain starting from the mining of raw materials and beneficiation to discard the gangue minerals along with extractive metallurgy (including pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy and electrometallurgy). Ferroalloy production is a cost- and energy-intensive sector which needs special focus.
Read MoreCN103170609A - Ferroalloy casting modeling device and ...
Provided are a ferroalloy casting modeling device and a ferroalloy casting modeling process in front of a furnace. The ferroalloy casting modeling device is composed of a ladle, a slag ladle, a ladle tip-over device, a slag and iron separating device, a casting tundish device and a cast iron car. The slag and iron separating device is composed of a slag and iron separating …
Read MoreIncome from waste: Ukraine can double slag processing and ...
The largest suppliers of slag for processing are ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih and UMG, which was founded by SCM in 2006 to manage raw material assets. Metallurgical slag is divided into several types: blast-furnace, steel and ferroalloy. Blast furnace slag is the most popular in Ukraine: it is a byproduct of pig iron smelting in a blast furnace.
Read MoreMethod for utilizing slag from ferroalloy production ...
A method of using molten slag resulting from ferroalloy production for the manufacture of ceramic fibre material having a melting temperature higher than the melting temperature of the slag, comprising: starting with molten slag containing, by weight percent, 20-30% silicon oxide, 20-36% aluminum oxide, 0-12% calcium oxide and 15-36% magnesium ...
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